Mary Cummins, Real Estate Appraiser, Real Estate Appraisal, Los Angeles, California, Mary Cummins.

Mary Cummins is a real estate appraiser in Los Angeles, California with 38+ years of experience. Cummins provides real estate appraisals for banks, lenders, mortgage brokers, Appraisal Management Companies (AMCs), lawyers, Courts, factors and private parties for lending, lawsuits, probate, estate planning, divorce and all types of litigation. Cummins provides 1004, 1073, 1025 and other form reports, narrative reports and historical appraisals besides real estate research and appraisal advice.

Showing posts with label loan. Show all posts

Monday, April 10, 2023

HUD only cares about appraisals UNDER contract price which is dangerous by Mary Cummins

appraisal value over under contract sales price, mary cummins, real estate appraiser, real estate appraisal, fannie mae, percent sales price, contract price, appraisal, value

Dave Towne sent out this linked article about bias and appraisal gap.

"The article below was in the Inside Mortgage Finance Publications e-newsletter on 4/06/23:

"FHFA Data Fueling Looks into Appraisal Bias

dhollier@imfpubs.com

The Federal Housing Finance Agency is a is a critical provider of the data necessary for oversight, enforcement and research, FHFA Director Sandra Thompson noted during a discussion in late March.

According to aggregate statistics from the Uniform Appraisal Dataset released by the FHFA, roughly 57% of appraisals were above the contract price in 2021. Just 15.2% were below the eventual sale price, but these are the under-valuations that could possibly reflect bias.

And the important datum here is that this percentage is growing. In 2013, only 8.4% of appraisals came in under the contract price.

In addition to providing data, Thompson noted that FHFA has coordinated with the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and the Department of Justice “to provide additional information for fair lending enforcement and oversight.”

If this actually reflects the true thinking of Ms. Thompson, she has aligned with so many others who believe SALE PRICE is immutable, and is the ultimate indicator of Value, and apparently, of bias, when not accepted as gospel by the appraiser. My gosh, what a misguided opinion!

Apparently Ms. Thompson didn’t see, experience or understand what happened during the ‘pandemic era’ in mid-2020-early ‘22, when overly emotional, and irrationally exuberant buyers paid astronomical prices for homes way above what their actual value was. The same thing happened in 2006-2008.....but it wasn’t considered ‘bias’ then due to the different political climate and attitude at that time.

Conversely, how can it be said that valuing a property lower than its eventual sale price based on current market evidence is tantamount to BIAS? And, if 57% of the appraised values were ABOVE the sales price, couldn’t that also reflect BIAS? Seems to me that if one comparison in one direction is considered bias, the other in the opposite direction can be equally judged the same.

To better understand this concept, look up the definition of bias.

The political drumbeat of appraisal bias just because an appraisal Value doesn’t reflect Sales Price is blatantly wrong-headed. In fact, it reflects internal personal bias at worst, and exhibits a definite lack of understanding of the appraisal process, by the person promoting such falsehoods.

More appraisers should stand up and challenge Ms. Thompson’s assertions."

I agree that we should be looking at the over valuations. That is probably where most of any alleged "bias" would be. In the major media cases of alleged bias the first lower appraisal is considered the wrong one when it was actually the higher second appraisal that was wrong and above market value.

The second higher appraisals were influenced, biased by the AMC, Lender and borrowers who stated the first appraisal was too low. The second appraiser knew there'd be a complaint or lawsuit if they didn't come in high. Clearly the second appraiser was influenced to come in over market value. In the appraiser's eyes he has much to lose coming in at market and much to gain by coming in above market. That's all fine until the borrower goes under and the gov reviews the appraisal in default which they stated they will do. This is a concern because the current economy and real estate market is going down. People are losing jobs as interest rates rise. More homeowners could end up under water and in default.

Things are a little similar to the beginning of the Great Recession. We all know what happened after the Great Recession. The gov pushed appraisers to come in high to meet higher values. After values dropped the government blamed appraisers! We report values. We don't set them. The gov caused the huge run up with reduced financial regulations and programs which helped lower income people take on loans they couldn't easily afford. The gov caused great financial damage to the people they said they were helping.

Image above came from this article
https://www.fanniemae.com/research-and-insights/perspectives/opportunities-improve-value-appraisals

Nice quote from the above linked article, "Reforms following the 2008 housing crisis attempted to improve the independence and accuracy of appraisals, and some early research indicated these reforms were marginally successful, with the percent of transactions confirmed falling from a high of 98 percent in 2007 to 94 percent in 2009. Confirmation rates, however, have since drifted back up as we have moved further away from the financial crisis."

So was it the financial crisis or reforms which caused change in % of appraisals meeting contract price?

What's interesting is there were appraisals done pre and post contract. When the appraiser knew the contract price, the value was more likely to meet or exceed that contract price. Maybe appraisers shouldn't know the contract price because it clearly influences them. Fannie Mae even makes that suggestion in their article.

Fannie Mae knows the industry and what's really happening. They can't speak freely because they are dependent upon HUD and the government no matter how "independent" they claim to be. For this reason they kiss HUD's ass and support all this false alleged appraisal bias. AEI's research has shown there is no appraisal bias based on race in the government's own data. HUD still falsely insists there is for political reasons. 2024 elections are coming. I bet Dem candidates will still be hawking racial appraisal bias in their campaigns to get the black, brown vote. They will claim they already solved most of the alleged bias but will continue to do more.

Mary Cummins of Cummins Real Estate is a certified residential licensed appraiser in Los Angeles, California. Mary Cummins is licensed by the California Bureau of Real Estate appraisers and has over 35 years of experience.

Mary Cummins, Mary K. Cummins, Mary Katherine Cummins, Mary, Cummins, #marycummins #animaladvocates #losangeles #california #wildlife #wildliferehabilitation #wildliferehabilitator #realestate #realestateappraiser #realestateappraisal #lawsuit real estate, appraiser, appraisal, instructor, teacher, Los Angeles, Santa Monica, Beverly Hills, Pasadena, Brentwood, Bel Air, California, licensed, permitted, certified, single family, condo, condominium, pud, hud, fannie mae, freddie mac, fha, uspap, certified, residential, certified resident, apartment building, multi-family, commercial, industrial, expert witness, civil, criminal, orea, dre, brea insurance, bonded, experienced, bilingual, spanish, english, form, 1004, 2055, 1073, land, raw, acreage, vacant, insurance, cost, income approach, market analysis, comparative, theory, appraisal theory, cost approach, sales, matched pairs, plot, plat, map, diagram, photo, photographs, photography, rear, front, street, subject, comparable, sold, listed, active, pending, expired, cancelled, listing, mls, multiple listing service, claw, themls, historical appraisal, facebook, linkedin DISCLAIMER: https://mary--cummins.blogspot.com/p/disclaimer-privacy-policy-for-blogs-by.html

Mary Cummins

Mary Cummins of Cummins Real Estate Services has been in real estate since 1983, over 35 years. She is licensed by the Bureau of Real Estate Appraisers. Mary Cummins was an agent and broker licensed with the California Department of Real Estate selling residential income, commercial buildings, raw land and homes for Merrill Lynch Realty in Beverly Hills and Westside Properties in Los Angeles before concentrating on appraisals. Mary Cummins currently provides real estate appraisals, expert witness testimony, historical research, legal real estate research for mortgage brokers, banks, lawyers, factors, insurance companies, financial consultants and private individuals. Mary Cummins was born and raised in Southern California. Cummins attended Beverly Hills Good Shepherd Catholic School and Beverly Hills High School. Besides being on the Dean's list, Mary Cummins was a top ten national swimmer and competed on the men's water polo team. Mary Cummins began college at the age of 15 attending the University of Southern California on scholarship, majoring in Psychology/Sociology. http://www.animaladvocates.us http://www.facebook.com/AnimalAdvocatesUSA

Sunday, July 4, 2021

Main reasons home loans, mortgages are denied. It's not the appraiser. - by Mary Cummins

main reasons mortgage home loans denied, mary cummins, los angeles, california, real estate, home loan,

Here are the main reasons mortgage loans are denied. It's not the appraiser or appraisal.

1. Debt to income ratio (37.2% denial rate).

Your debt to income ratio (DTI ratio) should be no great than 43%. You can improve this by paying off debt, reducing interest rate on debt or renegotiating debt to lower the monthly debt payments. Your net assets (total assets minus liabilities) still factor into the loan so make sure the debt balance doesn't increase too much when you lower the rate or payment.

Another thing they consider is your monthly housing cost ratio which is (monthly housing costs / monthly income). "The top ratio is calculated by dividing your new monthly mortgage payment by your monthly gross income. Typically, this ratio should not exceed 28%. The bottom ratio is equal to your new monthly mortgage payment plus your monthly debt divided by your gross income per month. Typically, this ratio should not exceed 36%."

As a rule of thumb your monthly rent, utilities or mortgage, taxes, insurance, home maintenance, utilities should not exceed 30% of your gross monthly income. If your housing cost is over 30%, you are considered cost burdened and have a high risk of not being able to pay your rent or mortgage. All poor people, people making minimum wage, moderate earners are cost burdened paying over 50-70% of housing costs if they live in Los Angeles or similar areas. Median rent for an average one bedroom is $2,100/month here. Two minimum wage earners working full time can barely afford that if they don't eat much. You should not be buying a home at the moment. Work on increasing your income. I know it's a "let them eat cake" thing to say and I agree. It's not easy for most people.

2. Credit history 34.8%.

You need a FICO score of 580 to 620 absolute minimum to get a home loan. You can improve this by always paying your bills on time. Make sure you have some little loans like a small balance on a credit card, gas card, department store card...to build credit. Start that at least two years before you try to buy a home. Start with one card only and make payments. After a year add another. Don't apply for a lot all at once. You'll be denied and end up with many inquiries on your credit report which is a big red flag for denial. And remember, the lower your FICO score, the higher the risk to the lender and the higher borrowing rate for you. Get your score as high as possible so you can save money. It's doesn't make sense that poor people pay higher interest rates but it's related to the higher risk for the lender.

3. Collateral 19.7%.

Generally the home is the collateral for the loan. You can also use other real estate or assets such as bonds, life insurance or investments. Your parents could cross collateralize their home for your home loan if they love you more than life itself. The total loan to value ratio should be about 80%. This would be about a 20% down payment. If you want to only put down 5%, the risk and cost goes up and you're much more likely to be denied.

It's possible that the issue was not the appraised value but the fact it needs repairs, has broken windows, is in a flood, wildfire, landslide, hurricane, tsunami ... zone, has unpermitted additions, is over 150 years old, is next door to an oil refinery... If you are doing a low down payment loan, don't buy a fixer. You're more likely to be rejected because you'll need down payment money and the money to fix it.

4. Other 12.9%

Everything other than what is listed here. The lender just can't discriminate against you based on race, religion, gender... The lender can deny you the loan based on credit, income, assets, liabilities and everything else in this article. That is legal.

5. Credit application incomplete 8.9%

You'd think this would be a no brainer but it's not. People either don't want to complete the application or just don't. This is only for loan applications which were submitted and not for loan applications which were started but never submitted.

6. Unverifiable information 6.7%

Unverifiable information arises from inaccuracies in an applicant’s employment history or tax records or discrepancies between the application and credit report. This could be from unreported income that doesn't show up on taxes, tax returns which show no real income for years, bank statements which don't match stated income, a loan you paid off which isn't on your credit report, bills you paid which weren't reported or the person is just plain lying on the application or their taxes or both.

7. Insufficient cash 4.0%

You must have sufficient funds to cover the down payment and closing costs and fees or lenders may deny their application. You generally can't borrow the down payment or fees. Research has shown if someone can't even save for a down payment, they are not credit worthy and there's a higher chance of the loan going under. If you haven't saved enough for a down payment, you're not ready to buy a home. Work on your debts, budget, income and save some money. You should have a 20% down payment and six months worth of monthly expenses saved before you buy a home. You should also meet all the other requirements I've listed here.

8. Employment history 1.8%

Lenders want to see that applicants have worked in the same job for at least two years. They want a stable, steady earner. This also means you can't just get your Uncle Benny to lie and state you worked for him for two years. They need an independent way to verify it usually with W2s, 1099's, bank statements, cashed checks, verifiable tax returns... In the 1980's to 2009 mortgage brokers actually forged tax returns, W2s, 1099's and bank statements or they did no document loans which didn't require them. Those are a few reasons we had three real estate busts during that time. Thanks to Obama and Dodd Frank we are less likely to have another bust because the borrowers are more creditworthy today due to independent verification.

9. Mortgage insurance denied .1%

"Mortgage insurance protects the lender and allows borrowers making a down payment of less than 20% to still qualify for a home loan. Applicants who are denied mortgage insurance that need it are also likely to be declined for their loan." Mortgage insurance is insurance to pay the monthly Principle Interest Taxes Insurance (PITI) payment if the borrower can't make the payment. It's added to the monthly mortgage payment. As it is mortgage insurance is for high risk borrowers. To be denied that means you are a super crazy high risk borrower. If you're denied mortgage insurance, you are not credit worthy or ready to buy a home. Go work on yourself. Work to increase your income, reduce your budget and expenses, increase your savings and try again much later.

https://constructioncoverage.com/research/top-reasons-mortgage-loans-are-denied-2021

Mary Cummins of Animal Advocates is a wildlife rehabilitator licensed by the California Department of Fish and Game and the USDA. Mary Cummins is also a licensed real estate appraiser in Los Angeles, California.

Google+ Mary Cummins, Mary K. Cummins, Mary Katherine Cummins, Mary Cummins-Cobb, Mary, Cummins, Cobb, wildlife, wild, animal, rescue, wildlife rehabilitation, wildlife rehabilitator, fish, game, los angeles, california, united states, squirrel, raccoon, fox, skunk, opossum, coyote, bobcat, manual, instructor, speaker, humane, nuisance, control, pest, trap, exclude, deter, green, non-profit, nonprofit, non, profit, ill, injured, orphaned, exhibit, exhibitor, usda, united states department of agriculture, hsus, humane society, peta, ndart, humane academy, humane officer, animal legal defense fund, animal cruelty, investigation, peace officer, animal, cruelty, abuse, neglect #marycummins #animaladvocates #losangeles #california #wildlife #wildliferehabilitation #wildliferehabilitator #realestate #realestateappraiser #realestateappraisal #lawsuit

Mary Cummins

Thursday, September 3, 2020

Catastrophic Disaster Area Inspection Report CDAIR, DAIR, 1004D real estate appraisal form, sample by Mary Cummins

disaster inspection report, disaster certification, report, fema, 1004d, dair, cdair, form, mary cummins, real estate, uad, los angeles, california, wildfire, flood, hurricane, earthquake, tornado, appraisal update and/or completion report, catastrophic disaster area inspection report, disaster area inspection report

After every natural disaster such as wildfire, hurricane, flood, tornado, earthquake ... homes that are in the process of getting a loan must be reinspected if they are anywhere near the disaster area. The purpose is to make sure the homes still exist and were not damaged, destroyed or affected by the natural disaster.

Appraisers can use the DAIR (Disaster Area Inspection Report), CDAIR (Catastrophic Disaster Area Inspection Report) or the 1004D form report. Some clients insist on the1004D form report i.e. "Appraisal Update and/or Completion Report" (Fannie Mae 1004D, Freddie Mac 442). Filling it out normally is pretty straight forward. Sometimes the original appraiser is too busy to reinspect the property. In that situation another appraiser is hired to inspect the property. They generally charge $150 or so to inspect the property.

Below is a sample disaster inspection report, certification report that I have used when they insist on this form and when I'm not the original appraiser. I use the basic 1004D form then add an addendum, CDAIR form, photos (generally only front and street though they may request interior), copy of my license and my insurance.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vKETg6rL-UikriWlrNAy6UIKofiiSfAu/view?usp=sharing

Below is the actual text I put in the first page of the form in the Summary Appraisal Update Report" section.

"Post Disaster Inspection Report. Current appraiser has no knowledge of previous appraisal. See attached Property Condition Report and photo page for observed information about the property."

Below is the actual text I put in the first page of the form in the "Certificate of Completion" section. Don't check either box because neither apply. The important text is on the next page.

"This section does not apply. See addendum."

Below is sample text I add in the addendum. All of this is in the form above.

"1004D Disaster Certification

Property Condition Report

FEMA Declaration

California Bobcat Fire (FM-5374-CA) PA-B PA-H Los Angeles County

https://www.fema.gov/disaster/5374

https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/7152/

Appraiser inspected subject property (date) at 12:00 pm. Subject is over 15 miles south west of the location of the Bobcat fire. The location of the Bobcat fire was 34° 14' 27.6? N, 117° 52' 4.8? W. The Bobcat fire started September 6, 2020 and was fully contained December 18, 2020. Subject structure, neighborhood, supporting facilities, transportation systems were not affected in any way by the Bobcat fire."

You can also use the CDAIR form by itself which is made specifically for disaster inspections. Here are the CDAIR and DAIR forms in one file. The CDAIR is three pages and DAIR is one page. Use one or the other. If the client insists on the 1004D form, you can add the CDAIR or DAIR to the 1004D. You could even do the report on a blank piece of paper if you add the proper text and data needed. The forms make it much easier and standardized for underwriters, lenders and others to view.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Wz8sJV3JQpTKQTO-ZT_F5VnWUkH7IW2a/view?usp=sharing

Here's a jpg of the first page.

Second page is photos. Here is the third page.

Here is the one page DAIR report.

Obviously if the home has been damaged, destroyed or negatively affected, don't order the report because it won't pass and you'll waste $150. You'll need to repair the property first if possible. Sometimes your property may be okay but the streets, power, supporting facilities such as transportation, government service buildings, gas stations ... were wiped out. You won't pass the inspection because the home can't really be lived in at the moment. You will have to wait until the home and neighborhood is fully functional before you can sell or refinance your home.

Mary Cummins

Mary Cummins, Real Estate Appraiser, Animal Advocates, Los Angeles, California

Monday, April 10, 2023

HUD only cares about appraisals UNDER contract price which is dangerous by Mary Cummins

Sunday, July 4, 2021

Main reasons home loans, mortgages are denied. It's not the appraiser. - by Mary Cummins

Thursday, September 3, 2020

Catastrophic Disaster Area Inspection Report CDAIR, DAIR, 1004D real estate appraisal form, sample by Mary Cummins