Mary Cummins, Real Estate Appraiser, Real Estate Appraisal, Los Angeles, California, Mary Cummins.

Mary Cummins is a real estate appraiser in Los Angeles, California with 38+ years of experience. Cummins provides real estate appraisals for banks, lenders, mortgage brokers, Appraisal Management Companies (AMCs), lawyers, Courts, factors and private parties for lending, lawsuits, probate, estate planning, divorce and all types of litigation. Cummins provides 1004, 1073, 1025 and other form reports, narrative reports and historical appraisals besides real estate research and appraisal advice.

Showing posts with label real estate appraisal. Show all posts

Friday, August 25, 2023

Important Alleged Discrimination Case Against Wells Fargo, Comment by Mary Cummins

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Peter Christensen just wrote an article about this very important legal case. Wells Fargo is being sued for racial discrimination for rejecting mortgages of some black, Latino applicants. The lawsuit is based on appraisals and credit. They cite Andre Perry's false and misleading paper as evidence. This looks like a shakedown lawsuit to get WF to cough up a few bucks "without admitting guilt." This is what the false narrative of the alleged racist appraiser and real estate industry has given us. The government promoting the false narrative for their political agenda has caused this frivolous lawsuit. We all know based on AEI's research that blacks, Latinos are more likely to be rejected for loans based on socioeconomic factors and appraisal value. Blacks, Latinos have less income, less wealth, lower credit scores which is why they buy less expensive homes in less expensive areas.

"In March 2022, Bloomberg News published an article entitled “Wells Fargo Rejected Half Its Black Applicants in Mortgage Refinancing Boom” (registration required). Bloomberg’s researchers had combed through the data for 8 million conventional loan refinance applications in 2020 reported by lenders under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act. The researchers saw stark differences in Wells Fargo’s approval rates for White, Black and Hispanic refinance applicants. They found that Wells Fargo approved 72% of applications from White applicants but only 47% from Black applicants. In contrast, Rocket Mortgage approved 86% of White applicants and 79% of Black applicants. For Hispanic borrowers, Wells Fargo’s approval rate was 53% versus a 79% industry average for Hispanics. Some might jump to an explanation here like “Black and Hispanic borrowers may not have the same average financial means as Whites.” Bloomberg’s research, however, showed that Wells Fargo’s approval rate was lower for Blacks in high income brackets than for Whites in low brackets.

After publication of the article, a half-dozen class actions were filed swiftly against Wells Fargo by Black and Hispanic borrowers who had been denied loans. The Federal District Court in Northern California consolidated these cases earlier this year under the new title In re Wells Fargo Mortgage Discrimination Litigation, U.S. District Court, N.D. Cal., Case No. 3:22-cv-00990.

The primary legal claims in the consolidated case are brought under the federal Fair Housing Act and Equal Credit Opportunity Act. And, the alleged damages could be substantial – borrowers denied loan refinances in 2020-2021 may have lost out on saving tens of thousands of dollars on their mortgages by being unable to lock in historically low interest rates. The operative complaint in the case principally alleges a story about disparate treatment and impact in Wells Fargo’s mortgage determinations, including the bank’s use of flawed “centralized, universal, race-infected lending algorithms” or “digital redlining.” But part of the plaintiffs’ theory is also based on alleged bias in the appraisals relied on by the bank.

Here’s a key allegation pertaining to appraisals:

Wells Fargo knowingly incorporates, without adjustment, appraisals that have been shaped by years of race-based valuation standards or appraisals affected by race-based criteria. Homes in majority Black neighborhoods are worth an average of 23% less than homes in neighborhoods with “very few or no Black residents” and of similar home quality. (Citing Dr. Andre Perry’s research at Brookings “The Devaluation of Assets in Black Neighborhoods.”).

As a result, the plaintiffs allege that “Wells Fargo’s discrimination . . . has forced those who received below-market appraisals from Wells Fargo to abandon the process with Wells Fargo and turn elsewhere.”

"Plaintiffs Aaron Braxton, Paul Martin, Gia Gray, Bryan Brown, Elretha Perkins, Christopher Williams, Ifeoma Ebo and Terah Kuykendall-Montoya, individually and as representatives of a nationwide class of similarly situated applicants for original purchase mortgage, refinance and other home mortgage loans (collectively, “Plaintiffs” or the “Class”),

Go to the below link for the rest of this important article and lawsuit.

https://www.valuationlegal.com/2023/08/the-most-significant-appraisal-discrimination-case-doesnt-name-an-appraiser-as-a-defendant/

Copy of lawsuit from same site.

https://www.valuationlegal.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/In-re-Wells-Fargo-Discrimination-Amended-and-Consolidated-Complaint-Fair-Housing-ECOA-3-24-23.pdf

Mary Cummins of Cummins Real Estate is a certified residential licensed appraiser in Los Angeles, California. Mary Cummins is licensed by the California Bureau of Real Estate appraisers and has over 35 years of experience.

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Mary Cummins of Cummins Real Estate Services has been in real estate since 1983, over 35 years. She is licensed by the Bureau of Real Estate Appraisers. Mary Cummins was an agent and broker licensed with the California Department of Real Estate selling residential income, commercial buildings, raw land and homes for Merrill Lynch Realty in Beverly Hills and Westside Properties in Los Angeles before concentrating on appraisals. Mary Cummins currently provides real estate appraisals, expert witness testimony, historical research, legal real estate research for mortgage brokers, banks, lawyers, factors, insurance companies, financial consultants and private individuals. Mary Cummins was born and raised in Southern California. Cummins attended Beverly Hills Good Shepherd Catholic School and Beverly Hills High School. Besides being on the Dean's list, Mary Cummins was a top ten national swimmer and competed on the men's water polo team. Mary Cummins began college at the age of 15 attending the University of Southern California on scholarship, majoring in Psychology/Sociology. http://www.animaladvocates.us http://www.facebook.com/AnimalAdvocatesUSA

Wednesday, August 23, 2023

Appraisal Institute Presentation on Historical Homes at Wrigley Mansion, Pasadena, California by Mary Cummins

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Southern California Chapter of the Appraisal Institute gave a presentation by Charles Baker on Historical Homes. It took place at Wrigley Mansion in Pasadena, California. This is the Tournament of Roses Headquarters at 391 S Orange Grove, Pasadena, CA. Beautiful home and gardens. While I don't agree with everything AI does they do offer great classes and education. Linda Whittlesey President of the SoCal Chapter organized the event and did a fantastic job.

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Mary Cummins

Friday, August 11, 2023

AEI Report Shows Andre Perry's Paper is Fraudulent. Same Difference in Home Values in White Areas.

This is from an email from Jeremy Bagott, MAI. AEI used Andre's Perry own dataset and methodology to study race and home values. February 2023 the report was updated. Andre Perry previously stated the main difference in home values between white and black is race alone. Perry blamed that on home valuations. AEI's research has proven the main difference is caused almost entirely by socioeconomic factors and not race. I've been yelling this from the mountain tops since Perry's paper first came out but AEI has nailed it down with facts and independent research. People who make more money have more money and buy more expensive homes in more expensive areas, period.

Maybe lower income white people should be yelling about home value differences compared to higher income white and black people. Maybe they should be demanding money, free homes, cheap loans, debt relief like Andre Perry and his following have been doing. "Rich white people have stolen $46,000 from every poorer white person's home value in the US!" Maybe all poor people need their own type of reparations for being trapped by low wages and poverty for generations. It won't solve the problem because the income gap is the main cause for everyone but the story will probably sell online media ads. We need to reduce the income/wealth gap among everyone. AEI stated this in their summary but the government will not listen to facts for some reason on this issue.

https://mailchi.mp/0b513ed845f9/report-finding-of-bias-in-home-valuations-fails-by-own-measure-8037698

"REPORT: FINDING OF BIAS IN HOME VALUATIONS FAILS BY OWN MEASURE

VENTURA, Calif. (August 11, 2023) – In an updated refutation of the findings of Brookings Institution researcher Andre Perry, Edward Pinto and Tobias Peter of the AEI Housing Center demonstrated just how broken the Brookings research was.

Perry’s 2018 research, titled “The Devaluation of Assets in Black Neighborhoods,” pinned the nation’s racial wealth gap on 80,000 state-licensed real property appraisers.

Unfortunately, these now-discredited findings have been levered by housing-industry lobbyists, partisan policymakers, agitators and grievance groups to malign the nation’s 80,000 real property appraisers and hollow out America’s mortgage underwriting safeguards.

A dataset provided to Pinto and Peter earlier in the year by Perry allowed the AEI Housing Center to fully refute the latter’s conclusions.

While their original refutation was still largely correct, Pinto and Peter have now updated their key findings and takeaways using the new dataset. To the surprise of no one, their redacted study found that what Perry et al. had characterized as race-based differences in home valuations were almost entirely due to socio-economic status, not racial bias by real estate appraisers.

Using the dataset and Perry’s own methodology, Pinto and Peter created a simple case study of so-called “entirely white” tracts (tracts demographers rate as 97.5% white or greater). In those tracts, racial animus, by definition, is ruled out as a factor. The duo then compared high and low socio-economic status in these so-called all-white neighborhoods and found differences as large as – or even larger than – the ones Perry et al. incorrectly attributed to racial bias.

But much damage has been done by Perry’s now-discredited findings. Perry’s 2018 report took the nation’s real property appraisers from the table and onto the menu. The flawed findings have most recently served as a pretext to justify the current administration’s whole-of-government effort to insert race into every corner of the mortgage underwriting process, including collateral valuation.

Pinto and Peter determined:

• That while lower socio-economic status may leave blacks at a large income (and wealth) disadvantage relative to most whites, this is not due to any statistically relevant bias in home appraisals

• The primary remedy would be policies that work to address the income and wealth gap, not those that scapegoat appraisers.

• The focus should be on increasing financial security, creating generational wealth, and shrinking the socio-economic gap through sustainable home ownership. This is largely a buying power issue, not a valuation one. To do otherwise risks repeating the mistakes of the past."

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Mary Cummins

Real Cause of racial home value gap is the Income Gap by Mary Cummins Real Estate Appraiser

The ACLU wrote about the racial wealth gap. They noted the income gap, homeownership rate gap and mortgage gap. They didn't once blame any of this on real estate appraisers. Imagine that. #black #white #IncomeGap #wealthgap #homeownershiprate #race #money

https://www.aclu.org/news/racial-justice/visualizing-the-racial-wealth-gap

I just read an article on the income gap. It said there is almost no white, black income gap for poor and lower income individuals. There is a smaller income gap for the middle class. “What this shows is that 97 percent of the overall racial wealth gap is driven by households above the median of each racial group.” This would mean most of the income, wealth gap is coming from the top earners. It's a class gap. I would bet that most of the income, wealth gap is coming from the super rich who are mainly white. "The richest 10 percent of white households who own 75 percent of all white wealth. Indeed, over two-thirds of racial gap reflects the differences in assets held by the top ten percent of households in each group. Class, not race is the major driver of wealth inequality." https://www.aei.org/op-eds/the-racial-wealth-gap-myths-and-realities/ Most of the wealth gap is caused by difference in the top ten percent in each group! It's probably mainly caused by some very rich white people.

"White average wealth ($929,800), which is more influenced by very rich families and does not characterize the typical experience, is 6.7 times greater than Black average wealth ($138,100)." This means that most white people should be complaining about the income, wealth gap between low to mid income and upper class. That's where the biggest gap exists. 80% of the gap is coming from the top 10%. Instead of wasting time on the wealth gap between white, black we need to look at the wealth gap between everyone under the median compared to the top 10%. I bet most wealth in the country is concentrated in the top 1-3%. And I was correct, "Federal Reserve data indicates that as of Q4 2021, the top 1% of households in the United States held 32.3% of the country's wealth, while the bottom 50% held 2.6%."

I will try to see if I can figure out what the income, wealth gap would be if we omitted the super rich with net worths over $5,000000. Multi-millionaires and billionaires could be skewing the data. They are. "Federal Reserve data indicates that as of Q4 2021, the top 1% of households in the United States held 32.3% of the country's wealth, while the bottom 50% held 2.6%." https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2020/01/09/trends-in-income-and-wealth-inequality/

The income gap is directly related to the homeownership rate. The current homeownership rate for Black and Hispanic homeowners now stand 29 and 23 percentage points lower than the 73% white homeownership rate. This again is all related to socioeconomic factors i.e. income.

There would probably still be a gap because of other socioeconomic factors such as married/single but it would probably be less.We really need to figure out the real problem so we can find a real solution. Blaming the income, wealth gap on appraisers, racism is just wasting time and money that could be better help working on issues that could change things.

I wrote about the the real cause of the home value gap earlier which is the income gap. I need to update it based on AEI's updated research and new article on income/wealth gap. Their recent research shows that whites and blacks who make more money have more money and buy more expensive homes in more expensive areas. There is almost no racial income, wealth gap under median income, wealth. Most of it comes from the top 1%. The wealth gap is mainly from stocks, investments of the top 1% who are mainly white. It's not from home values. All whites, blacks, Latinos...should be complaining about having less income, wealth and owning less valuable homes. It feels like people are trying to pit blacks against whites by spreading this false narrative supported by totally fraudulent paper by Andre Perry. Are super wealthy white people using Andre Perry to stoke the flames of a race war so people won't realize the real issue is the wealth gap between the top 1% and everyone else?

https://appraisersblogs.com/the-real-cause-of-the-home-value-gap-is-the-income-gap

It's so frustrating to see HUD get bamboozled by lenders and politicians into thinking the cause is appraisers and appraisals. No one else seems to think so including other government departments. The lenders have just been using the false narrative of the alleged racist appraiser to be able to use AVMs Automated Valuation Methods. AVMs make lenders more money. They can also get the value they want so they can close the deal. AVMs are bad for buyers, government, economy, stock market and investors.

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Mary Cummins

Wednesday, August 2, 2023

Appraisers Can't Use Demographic Census Tract Data Yet Government Uses it to Attack Appraisers by David Towne

real estate appraisal,neighborhoods,david towne,real estate appraiser,mary cummins,real estate,appraisal,census tract,california,appraiser,los angeles,

Another great article by real estate appraisal expert Dave Towne cited below. He states what many have noted since the government started mentioning census tracts and appraisal values. Appraisers can't and don't use census tract report data in selecting comparables or valuing properties. We are not allowed to consider personal demographics. We can only consider properties in a market area similar to the subject property. Neighborhoods, market areas do not correlate with census tracts! Census tracts were made by the government to gather personal demographics of the inhabitants in specific tiny areas to compare changes over time. They are a more recent artificial constructs of government which have nothing to do with determining appraisal values.

The first census tracts in the US were made in 1906 in New York. In 1934 they were standardized and expanded to a few major cities. "The goal of the criteria has remained unchanged; that is, to assure comparability and data reliability through the standardization of the population thresholds for census tracts, as well as requiring that their boundaries follow specific types of geographic features that do not change frequently. The Census Bureau began publishing census tract data as part of its standard tabulations beginning with the 1940 Census."

For all we know the original tracts may have included some type of "redlining" based on race, nation of origin, primary language spoken, income levels... The "redlining" may have just been a correlation of less wealthy people living near the railroad tracks, polluted industrial areas and wealthier people living near the city center or a beautiful lake. Income, wealth correlate with race but race is not the cause.

The 1934 tracts have not changed but neighborhood boundaries, home values and real estate have definitely changed. Sometimes even the physical boundaries have changed with new freeways, aqueducts, dams, large government projects, dedicated parks, removal of train tracks... These areas also change as different areas go through the real estate cycles of growth, stabilization, decline and revitalization. Home values go up and down. Different people move in and out.

Appraisers use market areas sometimes called neighborhoods to selected comparables to value a subject property. WE DO NOT USE CENSUS TRACTS! The census tract number is auto-filled by a software program in the report. That's the only mention and use of census tracts. The government is the one who requested that data for their own loan use which is why it's in the form. Now they are misusing it to mischaracterize appraisers as alleged "racists" who "lowball" blacks and Latinos. Independent research by AEI has proven that race is not a factor in appraisal values. Whites make more money than Latinos and Blacks. If you make more money, you have more money and wealth. If you have more money, you will buy a more expensive home in a more expensive area. The main value of real estate is LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION.

When we search for comparables for a subject property some use a half mile radius from subject. Some go one mile. In rural areas they go a few miles. For a high density condo area you might just use 1/4 mile radius. Some appraisers use known neighborhood boundaries which could be two streets, railroad crossing, major boulevard, freeway or the ocean. It depends upon the subject property. If I were appraising a home in the N 600 block in the flats of Beverly Hills, I would search N 500-700 then probably go two blocks east and west of the subject for starters. If I needed to go wider, I'd only go east or west and not north or south. North is much more expensive because they are larger estates. South is much smaller tract homes on much smaller lots. I don't look at or search census tracts. I'd have to figure out how to do that if my MLS could even do that. In fact this census tract of Beverly Hills is the first one I've ever looked at in my life just now. There are ten census tract maps in the map below.

Below is the census map which includes Beverly Hills, zoning map of Beverly Hills and zip code map. They're all different. I'm using this because I grew up here and know all the different market areas very well. Some of the areas in the census maps are commercial only and worth trillions of dollars. People don't live in those areas. They are stores, offices, medical centers in the golden triangle. Some of the areas in the census map are Beverly Hills and some are the city of Los Angeles. Beverly Hills property is easily worth twice Los Angeles property even if it's just across the street for many reasons yet they're in the same census tract.

There's a thick line running down the middle of two census tracts. That's Sunset Blvd. Properties north of Sunset are worth 2-3x as much as properties south of Sunset. I could go on and on. The purpose is to show you that census tracts have nothing to do with real estate appraisal values. Three homes in the same tract could easily be worth $300,000 (small studio condo in Los Angeles), $2,000,000 small tract house south of the long gone rail road tracts on Santa Monica Blvd or $50,000,000 home above Sunset. Census tracts don't correlate with value. They should only be used to talk about people.

I think the problem with census tracts and home values first started with fraud Andre Perry. He used Zillow Zestimate home values in different census tracts and compared them with the predominant race of people in the census tract area. His goal, agenda was to show that black owned homes are worth less than white owned home due to "old white racist male" appraisers intentionally low balling black people. No appraiser appraised any homes in his paper. He used only inaccurate Zillow values. He also just used the majority percentage of blacks in each area. He then cherry picked and twisted the results to fit his agenda. The results of his fraudulent study showed that whites make and have more money than blacks, latinos. Whites can afford to buy more expensive homes in more expensive areas. We've known about the income and wealth gap for years. It's caused by income and socioeconomic factors but not race or real estate appraisers. AEI research which disproves Andre Perry's fraudulent paper.

Census map of Beverly Hills. Ten maps which include Century City, Sherman Oaks and Los Angeles cities.

Map of the city of Beverly Hills broken up by zip codes just so you can see the outline of the city.

Below is Dave Towne's article. I asked his permission to share it. I'd link to it but he posts it in an appraisal group which is not public.

"Not to gloat, but I seem to be the only appraiser in the US who has observed and reported how people-oriented DEMOGRAPHIC CENSUS TRACT DATA reported by FHFA, the GSE’s and other entities is being used to tar and feather appraisers. I have written about this topic at least 2x in the past.

The latest is this 8/01/23 INSIGHTS newsletter, in the link, from FHFA ...... the ‘conservator’ of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac:

Blog | Federal Housing Finance Agency New Measures in the UAD Aggregate Statistics: Opportunities to Explore Data on Comparable Properties and Structural, Lot, and Neighborhood Characteristics (fhfa.gov)

Here’s what’s in that (screen shots of the document):

Appraisers don’t appraise properties with CENSUS TRACTS as a paramount data point. Most of us don’t even know where the tract boundaries are.

The Census Tract Number on the appraisal form is only there so that the LENDER and their regulators can track loans made in Tracts.

Because the ‘researchers’ cannot get into the minds of appraisers to determine how comps are selected, all the ‘researchers’ can do is fall back on this DEMOGRAPHIC metric. That’s unfair to appraisers. “We” appraisers are not allowed to use or consider people-oriented DEMOGRAPHICS in reports.

But what’s conveniently overlooked in this metric is the econometric status and other factors that play into where people choose to live and how baseline property valuations are done, starting with the local jurisdiction Assessor. Those baseline factors started decades ago, long before most appraisers got into the business.

Buyers also don’t use Census Tracts as a determining factor on where to buy their home, unless magically the Tract corresponds with other geographic or personal factors the buyer considers important. Builders/developers in most cases don’t purposely put up new housing based on Census Tract demographic info.

What’s been happening since 2018 or before is the likes of Andre Perry and Elizabeth Corver-Glenn, Ph.D, etc., have incorrectly used Census Tract people-oriented DEMOGRAPHIC info to inform Congress and others that “We” appraisers are valuing properties all wrong and it must be stopped.

Because of this, Census Tracts are becoming the de facto element “We” must acknowledge and that other people think is proper.

In short, using only this people-oriented DEMOGRAPHIC based data item to judge appraisers is just plain wrong.

Dave Towne, MNAA, AVAA, AGA "

About David Towne

Certified Residential RE Appraiser at Towne Appraisals

AGA, MNAA, Accredited Green Appraiser - Licensed in WA State since 2003

https://www.linkedin.com/in/dave-towne-4a65226/
https://www.towneappraisals.com/

http://www.e-appraisersdirectory.com/Washington_Appraisers:Towne_Appraisals-48-2989-0-0-1864.html

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Thursday, July 20, 2023

PAREA Update from David Samnick - Practical Applications of Real Estate Appraisal , comment by Mary Cummins

parea, practical applications of real estate appraisal, mary cummins, real estate appraiser, real estate appraisal, los angeles, california, hud, ai, appraisal institute, mckissock, aqb, Appraiser Qualifications Board, mentor, trainee, license, certified residential,

I haven't been following PAREA as closely as I should have but thankfully appraiser David Samnick has been following it. He attended an Appraisal Institute meeting yesterday about the program. It's disheartening to say the least. The purpose of PAREA was to make it easier, cheaper and faster for new appraisers to get the training and hours of real life experience they need to get their license. A main purpose was to help diversify appraisers by making it cheaper and getting rid of the mandatory mentor/trainee. Lower income people can't work as a trainee for free for two years. I wrote a few articles about this huge obstacle to getting a license. Here's one from June 2021. https://mary--cummins.blogspot.com/2021/06/difficulties-becoming-real-estate.html

This post below by David Samnick makes it clear that AI and others such as McKissock have used the issue of diversity just to line their pockets with money. The Appraisal Institute, McKissock make money selling education hours to appraisers. AI got a grant from the government to work on PAREA. May 18, 2023, the AQB approved the first PAREA program, belonging to the Appraisal Institute (AI). I wish I were wealthy and retired so I could train people for free. I'd only train POC if that were legal and not discriminatory.

"Practical Applications of Real Estate Appraisal (PAREA) is a program that aims to revolutionize the real estate industry by increasing the number of appraisers. However, after listening to the Appraisal Institute speaker at yesterdays board meeting it quickly became evident that this initiative is a complete failure.

A) You cannot start PAREA until you have received all your real estate appraisal education. 94 hours = $1,700 per McKissock

B) Appraisal Institute speaker said that most AMC's/banks won't accept licensed appraisers work so he suggests going the CR route. Cost to become a CR appraiser through PAREA - $10,000

C) PAREA is a complete online course. Zero mentorship in the real world. No physical measuring. No driving. No real time experience. No true mentorship.

D) No discussion with the PAREA student about the pay to play. Multiple MLS services, E&O insurance, business expenses, accounting, appraisal software, computers, reliable transportation, and other miscellaneous expenses. Total costs can exceed $6,000 per year.

E) The Appraisal Institute said that this would increase diversity into the appraisal field yet could not tell us the breakdown of how many applicants were minorities.

F) PAREA graduates will be scooped up by AMCS to sign off on Hybrid reports performed by third party data collectors.

G) PAREA graduates have no geographic competence.

H) Total cost for PAREA at the end of the day = $17,700 and potentially more.

The Average Joes argued several points in the board meeting.

A) A graduate of the PAREA course would be paid and treated like a trainee as they have no real-world experience.

B) We could have more appraisers back into the industry if banks/amcs would allow appraisers to use their trainees.

C) Reinstate Licensed appraisers to be able to mentor new trainees. This would introduce the next generation of appraisers into the business.

D) Petition FHA to reinstate any licensed appraiser who took the FHA course and had to pass the test.

E) More appraisers would hire trainees if the AMC model wasn't taking so much money out of the pockets of working appraisers. Work is slow. Most have the mentality that my bills come before your bills.

In closing PAREA launched in 2019. And the program has not been successful in diversifying the appraisal profession. In fact, a study by the Appraiser Qualifications Board found that the PAREA program has had a negative impact on diversity in the appraisal profession.

The study found that the PAREA program is disproportionately used by white appraisers. In fact, white appraisers are more than twice as likely to use the PAREA program than minority appraisers. The study also found that the PAREA program is not as effective in providing a more accessible pathway to licensure as the traditional apprenticeship model."

https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7087764386198556672/

Below was stated May 2023 by AI. “Market research has shown that value proposition—what PAREA is worth to someone in the marketplace—is around $5,000,” DiBiaso said. “Our pricing strategy may be different than that and include scholarships and discounts and payment plans. We have a commitment to The Appraisal Foundation that we will give preference of our scholarships to minorities, veterans, and people who indicate a willingness to serve in rural areas. The scholarships will come from a number of different sources including AI.”

McKissock stated their program will be ready June 2023. “We are investing heavily in the technology tools that appraisers use,” Nancy Gerome said, McKissock’s appraisal general manager. “Our hope is to have them consistently trained. You’ll get all different types of properties and scenarios because we’re leaning into the technology and experience. We’re trying to be thorough, that’s why we’re taking our time. We want to get it right.”

McKissock staff is preparing their launch to accommodate thousands of trainees, over a staggered period. They estimate the average time a person will take to complete the program is six months. The cost for participating is not yet determined. Staff did confirm there will be a “buy now, pay later” option, as well as scholarships.

“We are building a scholarship program because we know one of the goals of PAREA is to bring diversity into the profession, and we want to make it as affordable as we can,” Gerome said. Those interested in participating in a PAREA program of either McKissock or AI need to have already completed their Qualifying Education. "

Clearly when the government said there was a probably with diversity among real estate appraisers and the government would give money to help diversify appraisers all these companies heard was MONEY. They will just be training more appraisers for more money and the appraisers will probably all still be mainly older white men.

Appraisal Institute talks about grants and scholarships for POC and women all the time. I tried to apply and they said I have to pay to join their organization before they'd even talk about it. What if I had no qualifications or were denied? I'd be out the membership fee which is not cheap. It normally costs $15,000 to become an AI MAI appraiser even though I have 40 years of experience and have taken every publicly available real estate appraisal class in existence over the last 40 years. This is clearly a racket when you consider the government gave them money for the program. Gate keeping with a membership fee to the Appraisal Institute before you can access government funding.

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Mary Cummins

Wednesday, July 19, 2023

Fed Michael Barr: AI could 'perpetuate or even amplify' racial bias in mortgages, by Mary Cummins

Michael Barr of the Federal Reserve stated artificial intelligence AI could perpetuate or even amplify racial bias in mortgages, mary cummins, real estate appraiser, real estate appraisal, los angeles, california, michael barr, racial bias,federal reserve, fed, loan origination, race, black, white, bias

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now being accused of racial bias. They're basically stating math, statistics, numbers themselves are racially biased. Again, the correlation between race and home value is caused by the income gap. If you have less money, you buy a less expensive home. Same with credit scores. The less money you have, the lower your credit score. POC make less money than whites. I'm just glad they're not still falsely accusing appraisers of AI's bias like they did previously with Andre Perry's fraudulent paper. No appraiser was involved in his data only robot Automated Valuation Methods (AVMs) which were basically accurate.

https://www.americanbanker.com/news/feds-barr-ai-could-perpetuate-or-even-amplify-bias-in-mortgages

"Fed's Barr: AI could 'perpetuate or even amplify' bias in mortgages

By Kyle Campbell

Michael Barr, vice chair for supervision at the Federal Reserve, said in a speech Tuesday that artificial intelligence in mortgage underwriting could exacerbate racial bias if left unchecked.Bloomberg News

The Federal Reserve's top regulator is wary of the use of artificial intelligence in mortgage underwriting.

Speaking at the National Fair Housing Alliance's national conference Tuesday morning, Fed Vice Chair for Supervision Michael Barr said advancements in mortgage origination technology could lead to discriminatory lending practices."

Just did some Googling on racial bias in loan origination. 98-99% of the difference in loan origination between blacks, whites explained by credit scores and leverage. Did they consider LTV on the home or all debts? There's more to credit than credit score and LTV ratios. They include savings, how long at current job, debts, monthly financial responsibilities, single vs married, children... AEI research considered those factors.

"How much does racial bias affect mortgage lending? We assess racial discrimination in mortgage approvals using new data on mortgage applications. Minority applicants tend to have significantly lower credit scores, higher leverage, and are less likely than white applicants to receive algorithmic approval from race-blind government automated underwriting systems (AUS). Observable applicant- risk factors explain most of the racial disparities in lender denials. Further, we exploit the AUS data to show there are risk factors we do not directly observe, and our analysis indicates that these factors explain at least some of the residual 1-2 percentage point denial gaps. Overall, we find that differential treatment has played a limited role in generating denial disparities in recent years."

https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/feds/how-much-does-racial-bias-affect-mortgage-lending.htm

I'm thinking this is just showboating for political reasons. The banks, credit unions don't want to give up credit scores. They correlate highly with ability to repay loans.

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Mary Cummins

Thursday, June 29, 2023

Real Estate Appraisers Mentioned in False Light in California Reparations Report by Mary Cummins

mary cummins, california reparations task force, california reparations report,real estate appraiser, real estate appraisal, california, los angeles, black, latino, reparations, slavery

The final California Reparations Report came out today. I just started reading it but thought I'd search for the words "appraiser" and "appraisal." Sure enough they're in there because Paul Austin and Tenisha Tate-Austin told their false story about alleged racial discrimination to the Task Force.

"Consider Paul Austin and Tenisha Tate-Austin, who bought a home in Marin City in 2016. Three years later, a white appraiser valued their home for $500,000 less than it was worth, calling it a “distinct, marketable area.”27 “I took that as code word as: it’s a Black area,” said Paul Austin, who testifed before the Task Force that he felt physically sick when he read the appraisal report."

The statement above is totally false. I sent in a correction. It was not valued for $500,000 less than what it was worth. The appraisals were never made public. I wrote an in depth fully research article about the Austin v Miller case here. https://mary--cummins.blogspot.com/2021/02/alleged-discrimination-home-appraisal.html

They were not discriminated against or low balled by the first appraiser. Marin City is a distinct area just like Pacoima, Beverly Hills, La Habra are distinct areas. The second appraiser came in way too high. My article above goes into the values in great depth. The second appraiser is the one who should be investigated by the California Attorney General, Bureau of Real Estate Appraisers, lose their license and be charged with bank fraud. The harm this case caused to the first appraiser is beyond comprehension.

I haven't gotten far in the report but did notice a few important things. The report mentions the racial and other bias against Mexicans, Native Americans, Asians, Jews, Catholics, immigrants, women, poor... All of these other groups were also affected by racial, color, gender and other biases. The report isn't about slavery per se as California was never a slave state. The report is about racial harm against black people living in California before 1900. Mexicans, Native Americans, Asians, Italians were lynched. Native Americans, Mexicans lost their lands and property. Mexicans, Native Americans, Immigrants were used as near slave labor. Women, men, the poor were raped by slave owners, employers, government sanctioned church... Mexicans, Native Americans, Asians weren't allowed to attend public school with whites. All this happened in California. Every state, nation, people has done truly horrible things to others throughout all of human history.

The Governor and others already said there will be no monetary reparations. California has a budget deficit. The report was done to educate the nation and for positive PR for California and it's politicians. The state would also have to consider the harm caused to everyone else before they ever cut a check. It would be discrimination to give money to only one group based on race. There was already a case here in Oregon over Covid funds. (The Oregon CARES Act Discrimination Lawsuit is Great Northern Resources Inc., et al. v. Katy Coba, et al., Case No. 3:20-cv-01866-IM (L), in the U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon, Portland Division.) They wanted to give some Covid funds to blacks only because they were more affected than whites but the state was sued due for discrimination. Latinos who were equally negatively impacted by Covid sued for discrimination so the funds had to be given to everyone who applied. Any reparations would be the same.

If we were to do a California Reparations Report for all races, colors, religions, genders... everyone in California would end up owing everyone else money. It'd cancel itself out. You'd also have to offset benefits of living in the state minus harm caused by past actions in the state by the state. I'm Mexican, Indigenous, African and Euro. Half of my ancestral family was harmed by the other half. The reports would just cost the state a lot of money and I'd probably get half a cent. I'll pass on that waste of funds. I personally am just very happy to live here in California. I'm lucky I was born in this state and in this country.

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Mary Cummins

Friday, June 2, 2023

Joe Biden, Kamala Harris Lie About Appraisal Bias to Get Votes by Mary Cummins Real Estate Appraiser

mary cummins, real estate appraiser, real estate appraisal, los angeles, california,joe biden, kamala harris, pave task force, real estate, appraiser,appraisal,income gap

The Biden Administration continues to promote the false narrative of the racist and biased appraiser to the American public. Yesterday the White House released an alleged "fact sheet" titled "Biden-⁠Harris Administration Takes Sweeping Action to Address Racial Bias in Home Valuations." This "fact sheet" basically states that Joe Biden has solved the wealth gap among whites, blacks and Latinos by "cracking down" on real estate appraisers. That is a total lie. The wealth gap is caused by the income gap and not appraisers. The wealth gap is wider today than when Biden Harris took office.

Research by American Enterprise Institute ( AEI Housing Center Response to Perry and Rothwell, 2021, https://www.aei.org/research-products/report/aei-housing-center-response-to-perry-and-rothwell-2021/ How Common is Appraiser Racial Bias https://www.aei.org/how-common-is-appraiser-racial-bias/ ) has shown using the government's own data that there is no racism in real estate appraisals. AEI has proven beyond a shadow of a doubt that the papers cited (Andre Perry) by Harris are fraudulent research with a false conclusion.

The real issue is income inequality and not appraisals. Whites make more money than blacks, Latinos. Because whites make more money they have more money (wealth gap) and buy more expensive homes in more expensive areas than blacks, Latinos. Home value is based on location. Appraisers are not appraising them differently! The data cited in the papers uses robot appraisals and not real live appraisers. This is all politics to garner votes from blacks and Latinos. FTR I'm a female Latino.

The "fact sheet" states the PAVE Task Force was announced on the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre. This news is released on the first day of National Homeownership Month after Biden/Harris announced their run for re-election. Clearly political staging and timing for maximum effect to reach target voters.

Biden stated the Task Force has been successful. In reality nothing has changed. Biden created a non-existent problem then stated he alone could fix it if elected. He was elected and now he claims to have fixed it in order to get more votes. Now he claims he's doing even more to fix the non-existent problem with new programs. Below are these "new" programs which are basically the same programs the PAVE Task Force, government announced months, years ago. He might as well add that he just ended slavery and just allowed women to vote.

1. Preventing algorithmic bias in home valuation.

The Administration has stated that physical living breathing appraisers are biased. They based this false conclusion by looking at valuations, not appraisals, made by robots who have never seen the homeowners or homes. The robots don't know the race, color, gender...of the homeowners. They also don't know the home's condition, true size, true bed/bath count, amenities, specific location in a neighborhood (on a busy road, next door to the dump) or if it even still exists.

Now the Administration states they will find a way to prevent these robots from being biased. The robots are not biased! They're robots. Homes are appraised by appraisers and robots using a math formula. They compare the subject property to be appraised to other very similar homes in the same exact area which have sold recently. That's it! No race is involved ever.

Some today feel that an older home in fair condition owned by a person of color in say South Los Angeles should be comprable in value to a new home in excellent condition in Beverly Hills owned by a white person. They feel that would be more "equitable." They have specifically stated they want to increase the value of lower valued homes owned by blacks by using home sales from different areas farther away in "white areas" which are worth more. This would make every appraisal as worthless as any loan based on that appraisal. The real estate industry, investment industry, stock market and our economy would crash if this were done. Even the Appraisal Institute which generally cozies up to the government said this makes no sense (https://mary--cummins.blogspot.com/2023/02/mary-cummins-comment-to-asc-bias.html ).

The best way to make sure AVMs aren't biased is to not use them for appraisals, loans or specific research. While they aren't biased against people they are biased against market value. The issue is GIGO i.e. garbage in, garbage out. In this case it's not enough data goes into the formula. They don't know or consider condition, view, upgrades, amenities, actual size.... This makes homes in inferior areas in poor condition worth more than market value. Homes with excellent views, upgrades, amenities...end up worth less than market value. All the AVMs today state they are never to be used as an appraisal. Then don't use them for an appraisal. Oddly enough the government is trying to make their own AVM but it's not accurate either.

2. Empowering consumers to take action against appraisal bias.

The PAVE Task Force announced months ago that they developed an appeal process for appraisals. This is false. Reconsideration of Value (ROV) has always existed. If you don't like the value of an appraisal, ask for an ROV. Give the appraiser three sold comparables of very similar homes in the same exact area which have sold recently and they will consider them. Based on my experience the borrower incorrectly thinks their home is worth more because one down the street or farther away sold for more. When they send me the comps they are either twice the size, in a totally different far away neighborhood or they never sold. A lot of this misinformation is caused by AVMs such as Zillow's Zestimate which is extremely inaccurate. Again, AVMs don't see the homes. We all know that Zillow is inaccurate.

Zillow over values homes in lower value areas. The problem is lower value areas have fewer sales. Zillow keeps going wider in their search to find recent home sales. They end up using higher value sales in superior areas farther away which have more sales. This is the cause of most ROV requests. This is also part of the cause of the many media articles about real estate appraiser bias. The borrower says "Well, Zillow said my home is worth x. You said it's worth less so you're clearly a racist who should be cancelled, sued and attacked!"

3. Increasing transparency and leveraging federal data to inform policy and improve enforcement against appraisal bias.

The PAVE Task Force released data on appraisals for government backed loans. The government has always done this and legally must do this. Now they state they're releasing more data. Most importantly this data has been used to show that appraisers are not racist, biased in their appraisals, see linked research above.

4. Breaking down barriers to entry into the appraisal profession.

Biden Administration likes to say there are too many white appraisers and he's solved that. Others like Cy Richardson with the National Urban League have actually said "appraisers are pale, male and stale" which is actually racism, sexism and ageism wrapped up in a pithy phrase. There is almost a similar amount of white appraisers as there are real estate agents yet no one complains about the agents. Biden states it's because it's too difficult to become an appraiser for blacks, Latinos. It's just as difficult for all appraisers who have also been complaining about the difficult appraiser trainee program for many years even before Biden was the President. Appraisers were working on a PAREA type program long before it was announced by the government.

If you want to be a new appraiser you must be a trainee under a licensed appraiser for many hours. While I agree that the experience is great it's difficult to find an appraiser to be your mentor. Appraisers have nothing to gain and everything to lose by doing this. I've written an article about this. PAREA allows new appraisers to use other experience to become appraisers. While I support PAREA this is old news previously released by various appraisal agencies.

Kamala Harris is the go to person on this issue because she's biracial and courted the black vote when she ran for President. Remember when she said she'd give $60,000,000,000 60 billion to Historically Black Colleges HBCs if elected? She was elected VP and could do that but she didn't. She's definitely not a real estate expert. After the fact sheet was released Kamala Harris released her version of the news to the media. “Home appraisals are meant to be fair and objective estimates of the market value of a property. However, far too often, they are not,” Vice President Kamala Harris said Thursday on a press call. “Black homeowners are more likely to have their homes undervalued than other homeowners. And homeowners in majority Black and majority Latino neighborhoods are almost twice as likely to be undervalued.”

What Kamala Harris stated is false per research using the government's own data. One anecdotal article by Fannie Mae stated there were more appraisals under contract value in lower income areas that have more blacks and Latinos. The correlation is not race. It's lower income borrowers buying lower valued homes. Fannie Mae even stated their calculations were not research and there was no conclusion as to cause.

USA Today went on and included more absolute lies in their article. They even cited Junia Howell whose research is as flawed as Andre Perry. Again, homes in predominantly white areas are worth more than predominantly black, Latino areas because whites make more money, have more money and buy more expensive homes in more expensive areas. Based on Joe Biden's, Kamala Harris' logic, a new Rolls Royce with zero miles should sell for the same as a 1980 Ford Escort with 500,000 miles. They both have four wheels. To value them differently is clearly racism and bias. The government should sue Kelly Blue Book and the car industry for valuing them differently. (sarcasm)

While I support an honest and fair appraisal industry I don't support the false narrative of the racist white male appraiser. It's a lie. While racism, racists exist it has not affected appraisal values. I also don't support the promotion of the false narrative for votes or any other agenda. I'm a Democrat and will vote for Joe Biden, Kamala Harris again. They do more good than bad but I'm absolutely against their actions on this made up issue. It's very harmful to appraisers and the industry. Appraisers are getting cancelled, death threats, harassed over the Administration using appraisers as scapegoats for the income gap. It's the income gap, stupid! Fix the income gap and leave appraisers out of it. They won't fix the income gap because it's too expensive. Maybe the politicians don't want to even fix it.

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Mary Cummins

Mary Cummins, Real Estate Appraiser, Animal Advocates, Los Angeles, California

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